[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.19.5″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”gcid-f5584efe-a07f-4926-882d-1e539cbe465b” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-f5584efe-a07f-4926-882d-1e539cbe465b%22:%91%22background_color%22%93}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_5,2_5″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ _builder_version=”4.19.0″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”2556px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.19.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.19.4″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Montserrat||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_font_size=”21px” text_letter_spacing=”1px” background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” max_width=”900px” module_alignment=”center” custom_padding=”20px|100px|20px|100px|false|true” custom_padding_tablet=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|tablet” inline_fonts=”Pangolin” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
g e n e r a l \u00a0 c o u r s e \u00a0 m a t e r i a l s<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Advice handouts\u00a0here<\/a>\u00a0on the writing of philosophy papers.<\/span><\/p>\n L e i b n i z\u2019\u00a0s \u00a0p h i l o s o p h y \u00a0o f \u00a0t h e \u00a0i n f i n i t e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n phil 753. Fall Term 2019.<\/a>\u00a0Graduate Seminar in history of philosophy: a study of Leibniz\u2019s philosophy of the infinite. After\u00a0studying the views of Aristotle, Galileo, Descartes, Pascal and Spinoza, and some of Leibniz\u2019s remarks on them, we will proceed to dig deeper, contrasting his concept of the actual infinite with Cantor\u2019s, and exploring his novel theory of change, his controversial account of contingency, and his subtle thoughts on infinitesimals.<\/span><\/p>\n p h i l o s o p h y \u00a0o f \u00a0t h e \u00a0e n l i g h t e n m e n t<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 3NN3. Fall Term 2017<\/a>. 3rd year course on philosophers of the\u00a0Enlightenment<\/a>, concentrating on the thinkers whose revolutionary new ideas ushered in the French and American revolutions and defined the \u201cmodernism\u201d against which postmodernism defines itself.<\/span><\/p>\n L e i b n i z \u00a0a n d \u00a0 t h e \u00a0 l a b y r i n t h<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n phil 753. Fall Term 2017<\/a>. Graduate Seminar in history of philosophy: an overview of Leibniz\u2019s philosophy, followed by a detailed examination of his theory of substance. I provide a fresh interpretation of some perplexing issues by taking seriously Leibniz\u2019s claims that the adoption of monads is necessary in order to avoid the paradoxes of the composition of the continuum.<\/span><\/p>\n i n t r o d u c t i o n \u00a0t o \u00a0l o g i c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 2B03. Winter Term 2017.<\/a>\u00a0The introductory logic course; in which you will learn to recognize the logical forms of arguments and how to express them symbolically, and then apply the various techniques and proofs of propositional and predicate logic to determine their validity. You will also learn certain less formal methods for analyzing natural arguments, including the kind of sustained theoretical arguments you meet in your academic studies. These methods will complement the methods of symbolic logic, motivating their construction and use.<\/span><\/p>\n i n t e r m e d i a t e \u00a0l o g i c\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 4XX3<\/a>\u00a0\/\u00a0Phil 6XX3<\/a>. Winter Term 2017. Although this course presupposes a high level of competence in logic, it develops into something very different from Phil 2B03. Our study of some of foundations of logic\u00a0\u2014 particularly the theory of recursive functions, G\u00f6del\u2019s Theorem and Skolem\u2019s Paradox\u00a0\u2014 leads into an exploration of the theme of logic \u201ccurling about itself\u201d (Nietzsche). This theme is imaginatively and artistically explored in Douglas Hofstadter\u2019s\u00a0G\u00f6del, Escher, Bach<\/em>, which we will study in addition to Bell, DeVidi and Solomon\u2019s introduction to classical and alternative logics,\u00a0Logical Options<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n t h e \u00a0p l u r a l i t y \u00a0o f \u00a0f o r m s<\/strong>: \u00a0Scaliger, Sennert and Leibniz<\/span><\/p>\n Phil 753. Fall Term 2016. Graduate Seminar, Topics in Modern Philosophy.\u00a0In this course we will be approaching modern philosophy from an unusual angle, by exploring late Renaissance natural philosophy and its influence on Leibniz. The metaphysical theories of the late Scholastic J.C. Scaliger had a decisive influence on the transitional figure Daniel Sennert, whose chymical theories and practices were adopted and transformed by Robert Boyle into the emerging science of chemistry, and underpinned Leibniz\u2019s (only now appreciated) contributions to the life sciences.<\/span><\/p>\n p h i l o s o p h y \u00a0o f \u00a0 s c i e n c e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 3D03<\/a>\u00a0(+\u00a0Origins 3A03<\/a>). Winter Term 2016. 3rd year philosophy course on phil of sci, with last three weeks in combination with Origins of Spacetime students, on the philosophy of space and time.\u00a0This course introduces some key issues in the philosophy of science. In the first part of the course, some of the classic issues: the role of experience, observation and experiment; scientific method: induction, logical empiricism, hypothetico-deductivism and falsificationism; Kuhnian paradigms, incommensurability, research programmes; the status of scientific laws; and realism vs. antirealism. In the last quarter of the course we engage specific issues in the metaphysics of physics, namely in the philosophy of space, time and spacetime.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n t o p i c s \u00a0i n \u00a0t h e \u00a0p h i l o s o p h y \u00a0o f \u00a0s c i e n c e<\/strong>: \u00a0space and time<\/span><\/p>\n Phil 771. Winter Term 2016<\/a>. Graduate Seminar.\u00a0In this course we examine philosophical issues concerning space and time, with an eye to implications for modern physics. Beginning with a study of the classic exchange between Samuel Clarke and Gottfried Leibniz, we will proceed to the look at the relativity of motion in Einstein\u2019s relativity theories (no prior knowledge of physics is presumed). In the latter part of the course we will turn to issues in the philosophy of time: the status of the present, whether the passage of time is an illusion, what constitutes the direction of time, whether time travel into the past is logically possible, and many others.<\/span><\/p>\n i\u00a0n f i n i t y \u00a0 a n d \u00a0 a n t i n o m y<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n phil 762. Winter Term 2014<\/a>. Graduate Seminar in selected Topics in Metaphysics. This course is centred on Graham Priest\u2019s\u00a0The Limits of Thought<\/em><\/strong>, a wide-ranging and provocative study of the possibility of such limitsof thought, as proposed by in the philosophy of most of the important philosophers in history, including the Ancients, Kant, Hegel, Russell, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, among many others. Priest follows Hegel in arguing for the intelligibility of true contradictions, which set bounds to thought (closure) and also inevitably break them (transcendence). We examine Leibniz\u2019s interpretation of the actual ifinite as a potential vehicale for escaping the antinomies.<\/span><\/p>\n D e u l e u z e, \u00a0S p i n o z a \u00a0a n d \u00a0L e i b n i z<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 731. Fall Term 2012<\/a>.\u00a0With Barry Allen<\/em>. Graduate Seminar on selected Special Studies in Philosophy: Deleuze, Spinoza and Leibniz.<\/span><\/p>\n o r i g i n s \u00a0o f \u00a0s p a c e t i m e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Origins 3A03. Fall Term 2012<\/a>. 3rd year course: co-instructor: Ralph Pudritz.\u00a0The aim of this course is to survey some of the most important ideas, theories, and experiments that mark the development of our understanding the origin of the cosmos and the nature of spacetime that defines it. Our lectures follow a historical treatment of some of the most important breakthroughs. We also use an interdisciplinary approach by combining history of science, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics, and physics (such as particle physics). There will be some technical material involving physics and astronomy problems.<\/span><\/p>\n p h i l o s o p h y \u00a0o f \u00a0l a n g u a g e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Phil 3E03\/CS3Y03. Winter Term 2011. 3rd year course.\u00a0This course offers a lively introduction to some of the main philosophical issues concerning language. We will motivate the discussion by looking at attempts in the early modern period to devise a perfect language, the later discovery of the Indo-European nucleus of many of the world\u2019s languages, the invention of artificial languages, including modern logic and computer languages, the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis, and Chomskian linguistics.<\/span><\/p>\n e a r l y \u00a0m o d e r n \u00a0 p h i l o s o p h y<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n phil 4A03\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\/\u00a06A03<\/a>. Fall Term 2013. Leibniz and English philosophy. A study of\u00a0Leibniz\u2019s engagement with English philosophers, from his early enthusiasm for Hobbes, through his engagement with Locke to his controversy with Newton and Clarke. After acquainting ourselves with Hobbes\u2019s first philosophy and Leibniz\u2019s main ideas, we will turn to a detailed study of the views on language, knowledge, the mind-body relation, free will and determinism, substance and the nature of space and time contained in these exchanges, comparing Leibniz\u2019s views with those of Locke, Newton and Clarke.<\/span><\/p>\n Feb 04, 2022 at 3:42 PM<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”4.19.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.19.0″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color=”gcid-8c5e6700-d7e0-439f-97ec-11cf22418ebf” header_2_font=”Josefin Sans|700|||||||” header_2_text_align=”center” header_2_text_color=”gcid-8c5e6700-d7e0-439f-97ec-11cf22418ebf” module_alignment=”center” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-8c5e6700-d7e0-439f-97ec-11cf22418ebf%22:%91%22header_text_color%22,%22header_2_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_blurb title=”Leibniz on the Foundations of Differential Calculus” url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjY0NyJ9fQ==@” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/rtwarthur.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LFDC-Cover.jpeg” alt=”Leibniz – Journal Articles on Natural Philosophy by R.T.W. Arthur – Book Cover” image_icon_width=”52%” content_max_width=”300px” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _dynamic_attributes=”url,link_option_url” _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#5c4e4e” background_layout=”dark” max_width=”300px” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|-48px||||” custom_padding=”10px|15px|10px|15px|true|true” link_option_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjMxMSJ9fQ==@” box_shadow_style_image=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_blurb title=”Leibniz: Writings on the Metaphysics of the Infinite” url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6Ijk3NCJ9fQ==@” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/rtwarthur.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/arthur_ottaviani_visual_.png” alt=”Leibniz on the Metaphysics of the Infinite” image_icon_width=”52%” content_max_width=”300px” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _dynamic_attributes=”url,link_option_url” _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#5c4e4e” background_layout=”dark” max_width=”300px” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”|-48px||||” custom_padding=”10px|15px|10px|15px|true|true” link_option_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6Ijk3NCJ9fQ==@” box_shadow_style_image=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_blurb title=”Leibniz: Journal Articles on Natural Philosophy” url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjY0NyJ9fQ==@” url_new_window=”on” image=”https:\/\/rtwarthur.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Leibniz-Journal-Articles-on-Natural-Philosophy.jpeg” alt=”Leibniz – Journal Articles on Natural Philosophy by R.T.W. Arthur – Book Cover” image_icon_width=”52%” content_max_width=”300px” _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _dynamic_attributes=”url,link_option_url” _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#5c4e4e” background_layout=”dark” max_width=”300px” module_alignment=”center” custom_padding=”10px|30px|10px|30px|true|true” link_option_url=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wb3N0Iiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjMxMSJ9fQ==@” box_shadow_style_image=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_blurb title=” Leibniz on Time, Space, and Relativity” image=”https:\/\/rtwarthur.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Leibniz-on-Space-Time-and-Relativity.jpg” alt=”Leibniz on Space Time and Relativity” image_icon_width=”52%” content_max_width=”300px” _builder_version=”4.19.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#5c4e4e” background_layout=”dark” max_width=”300px” module_alignment=”center” custom_padding=”10px|30px|10px|30px|true|true” box_shadow_style_image=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n December 16, 2021<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_blurb][et_pb_blurb title=”The Reality of Time Flow: Local Becoming in Modern Physics November 30, 2021″ image=”https:\/\/rtwarthur.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/The-Reality-of-Time-Flow.jpeg” alt=”The-Reality-of-Time-Flow” image_icon_width=”52%” content_max_width=”300px” _builder_version=”4.19.5″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#5c4e4e” background_layout=”dark” max_width=”300px” module_alignment=”center” custom_padding=”10px|30px|10px|30px|true|true” box_shadow_style_image=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\nBooks by RTWA<\/h2>\n